ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY
Specific Features of Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions under the EU Border Carbon Offset Mechanism
Published 2025-06-06
Keywords
- border carbon offset mechanism; carbon regulation; CBAM; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gas emissions accounting; EU ETS
How to Cite
1.
Makarov И, Ivashkin Д. Specific Features of Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions under the EU Border Carbon Offset Mechanism. ECO [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 6 [cited 2025 Sep. 13];55(3):203-26. Available from: https://ecotrends.ru/index.php/eco/article/view/4873
Abstract
Despite reduced trade between the EU and the Russian Federation, the issue of Russian companies accounting for greenhouse gas emissions from producing goods covered by the EU's Border Carbon Offset Mechanism (CBAM) remains relevant. In particular, there is much interest in whether it is possible to apply the same approaches to determining greenhouse gas emissions that companies already rely on when preparing non-financial reporting. This paper analyzes the existing regulatory requirements in the field of greenhouse gas emissions accounting under the EU carbon border regulation and provides a comparative analysis of the CBAM requirements with other standards for greenhouse gas emissions accounting.References
- Башмаков И.А. Эффективность европейской системы торговли квотами на выбросы ПГ и ее эволюция // Экологический вестник России. 2018. № 4.
- Assous, A., Burns, T., Tsang, B., Vangenechten, D., Schape, B. (2021). A storm in a teacup impacts and geopolitical risks of the European carbon border adjustment mechanism. Sandbag, E3G, August 2021: https://www.e3g.org/wp-content/uploads/E3G-Sandbag-CBAM-Paper-Eng.pdf
- Bashmakov, I., Dzedzichek, M., Myshak, A., Bashmakov, V. (2022). Sanctions and CBAM: Implications for the Russian industry, Center for Energy Efficiency. https://cenef-xxi.ru/uploads/New_CBAM_paper1_d679407855.pdf
- Bayera, P., Aklinb, W. (2020). The European Union Emissions Trading System reduced CO2 emissions despite low prices. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918128117
- Bjorn, А. (2022). Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 12. Pp. 539–546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558–022–01379–5
- Bohringer, C. et al. (2012). The role of border carbon adjustment in unilateral climate policy: Overview of an Energy Modeling Forum study (EMF 29), Energy Economics. No. 34 Pp. 97–110. DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2012.10.003
- Bordignon, M., Degl’Innocenti, G. (2023). Third Time’s a Charm? Assessing the Impact of the Third Phase of the EU ETS on CO2 Emissions and Performance. Sustainability, 15, 6394. DOI: 10.3390/su15086394
- Boute, A. (2024). Accounting for Carbon Pricing in Third Countries Under the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, World Trade Review Vol. 23. Pp. 169–189. DOI: 10.1017/S1474745624000107
- Brander, M. et al. (2018). Creative accounting: A critical perspective on the market-based method for reporting purchased electricity (scope 2) emissions. Energy Policy. No. 112(4). Pp. 29–33. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.051
- Cosbey, A. et al. (2022). Developing Guidance for Implementing Border Carbon Adjustments: Lessons, Cautions, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy. Vol. 13. Pp. 3–22. DOI: 10.1093/reep/rey020
- Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D. et al. (2023). GHG emissions of all world countries, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, DOI:10.2760/953332, JRC134504.
- Fowlie, M. et al. (2021). Border Carbon Adjustments When Carbon Intensity Varies across Producers: Evidence from California, AEA Papers and proceedings 111. Pp. 401–405 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20211073
- Gailhofer, P., Graichen, V. (2023). Monitoring, Reporting and Verification in a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Which rules and standards for calculating and certifying product-related emissions? Interim report. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.25874.84161
- Heyne, P. (1973). The economic way of thinking. Chicago, Science Research Associates. 289 p.
- Jia, J., Chaudhury, A., and Ranger, N. (2022). Designing for Comparability: A foundational principle of analysis missing in climate reporting systems. Oxford Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment. Working Paper No. 23–04. Available at: https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2023–07/WP_No._23–04_Comparability.pdf (accessed: 01.06.2024).
- Kasperzak, R et al. (2023). S. Accounting for Carbon Emissions – Current State of Sustainability Reporting Practice under the GHG Protocol. Sustainability. 15, 994. DOI: 10.3390/su15020994
- Kaur, R., Patsavellas, J., Haddad, Y., Salonitis, K. (2024). The Concept of Carbon Accounting in Manufacturing Systems and Supply Chains. Energies, 17. 10. DOI: 10.3390/en17010010
- Kleinberg, R. (2024). Why Methane Won’t Be Included in the European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University SIPA. Available at: https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/why-methane-wont-be-included-in-the-european-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism/ (accessed 01.06.2024).
- Makarov, I.A., Besley D. et al. (2021). Russia and Global Green Transition: Risks and Opportunities. DOI: 10.1596/36757
- Marmiroli, B. et al. (2018). Electricity Generation in LCA of Electric Vehicles: A Review, Applied Science. 8, 1384. DOI:10.3390/app8081384
- Nordhaus, W. (2015). Climate Clubs: Overcoming Free-riding in International Climate Policy, American Economic Review. No. 105(4). Pp. 1339–1370. DOI: 10.1257/aer.15000001
- Sakai, M., Barrett, J. (2016). Border carbon adjustments: Addressing emissions embodied in trade, Energy Policy. No. 92. Pp. 102–110. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.01.038
- Stechemesser, K., Guenther, E. (2012). Carbon accounting: a systematic literature review, Journal of Cleaner Production. No. 36. Pp. 17–38. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.02.021
- Tagliapietra, S., Wolff, G. (2021). Form a climate club: United States, European Union and China, Nature, March 23. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586–021–00736–2?error=cookies_not_supported (accessed 01.06.2024).
- Zhong, J., Pei, J. (2023). Carbon border adjustment mechanism: a systematic literature review of the latest developments, Climate Policy, Vol. 24. DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2023.2190074