ISSN (print) - 0131-7652

ISSN (online) - 2686-7605

Vol. 54 No. 2 (2024)
ECONOMY SECTORS AND MARKETS

The International Experience of Stimulating Robotization: Features and Factors of Effectiveness

Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (Русский) (RUB 100)
  • M.G. Kuzyk,
  • R.Yu. Neumyvakin
M.G. Kuzyk
National Research University Higher School of Economics
Bio
R.Yu. Neumyvakin
National Research University Higher School of Economics
Bio
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30680/ECO0131-7652-2024-2-109-130

Published 2024-04-08

Keywords

  • robots; robotization; Industry 4.0; state policy; government support

How to Cite

1.
Kuzyk М, Neumyvakin Р. The International Experience of Stimulating Robotization: Features and Factors of Effectiveness. ECO [Internet]. 2024 Apr. 8 [cited 2024 Dec. 18];54(2):109-30. Available from: https://ecotrends.ru/index.php/eco/article/view/4724

Abstract

The paper considers the policies of Russia and a number of industrialized countries in the field of robotization on the horizon of 2015–2020, assesses the effectiveness of their key areas. Significant differences in approaches to state stimulation of robotization are noted: only some countries have an appropriate strategy, different role is given to interaction with business, and support for educational projects is quite rare. And while public funding of R&D is practiced everywhere, support for the implementation of its results is typical for only a part of countries. The results of the analysis show a significant positive impact of government strategy and R&D support on robotization. At the same time, it was not possible to identify the impact of state initiatives on personnel training, which, however, may be due to significant lags in the onset of a noticeable effect of such measures on the scale of the national economy.
Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (Русский) (RUB 100)

References

  1. Вербик М. Модели, основанные на панельных данных // Прикладная эконометрика. 2006. № 1. С. 94–135.
  2. Глухова М.Н. Влияние пандемии на взаимодействие бизнеса и власти: взгляд бизнеса // Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации. 2021. № 4 (52). С. 235–239. DOI: 10.31737/2221–2264–2021–52–4–11
  3. Глухов К.В., Чебашев И.А., Михалевский А.В. Анализ эффективности мер государственной поддержки сектора малого и среднего предпринимательства в России в период пандемии // Вестник университета. 2021. № 6. С. 5–13. DOI: 10.26425/1816–4277–2021–6–5–13
  4. Кулага А.С. Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на процессы цифровизации малого бизнеса // Стратегии бизнеса. 2021. Т. 9. № 5. С. 149–152. DOI: 10.17747/2311–7184–2021–5–149–152
  5. Кочетков Е.П. Антикризисная эффективность государственной поддержки бизнеса в условиях пандемии коронавируса: эмпирический анализ // МИР (Модернизация. Инновации. Развитие). 2022. Т. 13. № 1. С. 73–93. DOI: 10.18184/2079–4665.2022.13.1.73–93
  6. Митин В. Цифровизация крупных предприятий: ожидания, результаты, препятствия, влияние COVID-19 // itWeek. 2021. URL: https://www.itweek.ru/digitalization/article/detail.php? ID=216701&ysclid=lnd7ta2v62489058001 (дата обращения: 12.10.2023).
  7. Морозов Р., Акулова М., Панасевич В. Малый и средний бизнес в период пандемии: эффективность мер поддержки // Банкаўскі веснік: информационно-аналитический и научно-практический журнал Национального банка Республики Беларусь. 2021. № 7. С. 62–72.
  8. Незнамов А.В., Наумов В.Б. Вопросы развития законодательства о робототехнике в России и в мире // Юридические исследования. 2017. № 8. С. 14–25. DOI: 10.25136/2409–7136.2017.8.23292
  9. НИУ ВШЭ. Структурные изменения в российской экономике и структурная политика. Аналитический доклад / Под науч. рук. Е.Г. Ясина М: НИУ ВШЭ, 2018. 252 с.
  10. Симачев Ю.В., Кузык М.Г. Взаимодействие российского бизнеса с наукой: точки соприкосновения и камни преткновения // Вопросы экономики. 2021. № 6. С. 103–138. DOI: 10.32609/0042–8736–2021–6–103–138
  11. Симачев Ю.В., Кузык М.Г., Зудин Н.Н. Результаты налоговой и финансовой поддержки российских компаний: проверка на дополнительность // Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации. 2016. № 2 (34). С. 59–93.
  12. Шваб К. Четвертая промышленная революция. М: Эксмо, 2016. 138 с.
  13. Acemoglu, D., Restrepo, P. (2021). Demographics and Automation. Review of Economic Studies. Vol. No. 1. Pp. 1–44. DOI: 10.1093/restud/rdab031
  14. Allcock, A. (2014). UK Robotics and Autonomous Systems strategy published. Machinery. Available at: https://www.machinery.co.uk/content/news/uk-robotics-and-autonomous-systems-strategy-published/connect.innovateuk.org/documents/2903012/16074728/RAS%20UK%20Strategy?version=1.0 (accessed 12.10.2023).
  15. Cirera, X., Cruz, M., Davies, E., Grover, A., Iacovone, L., Lopez, J., Maduko, F., Medvedev, D., Nayyar, G., Ortega, S., Torres, J. (2021). Policies to support businesses through the COVID-19 Shock: A Firm Level Perspective. Policy Research Working Paper. No. 9506. Washington DC, World Bank. Available at: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/649c33c1–46e9–56fd-8319–4122b9a26b4e/content (accessed 28.10.2023).
  16. Correa, P., Andrés, L., Borja-Vega, C. (2013). The Impact of Government Support on Firm R&D Investments: A Meta-Analysis. Policy Research Working Paper. No. 6532. Washington DC, World Bank. Available at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/158151468164363390/pdf/WPS6532.pdf (accessed 28.10.2023).
  17. Crespi, G., Maffiolly, A., Melendez, M. (2011). Public Support to Innovation: the Colombian COLCIENCIAS’ Experience. Technical Notes IDB-TN-264,
  18. Inter-American Development Bank. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235712825_Public_Support_to_Innovation_The_Colombian_COLCIENCIAS’_Experience (accessed 28.10.2023).
  19. De Backer, K., DeStefano, T., Menon, C., Suh J.R. (2018). Industrial robotics and the global organization of production. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers. No. 2018/03. OECD Publishing, Paris. DOI: 10.1787/dd98ff58-en
  20. Dimos, C., Pugh, G. (2016). The Effectiveness of R&D Subsidies: A Meta-Regression Analysis of the Evaluation Literature. Research Policy. Vol. 45. No. 4. Pp. 797–815. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2016.01.002
  21. Kennedy, S. (2015). Made in China 2025. Washington, D.C., Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Available at: https://www.csis.org/analysis/made-china-2025 (accessed 12.10.2023).
  22. Kim, S.H., Jeon, J.H., Aridi, A., Jun, B. (2023). Factors That Affect the Technological Transition of Firms Toward the Industry 4.0 Technologies. IEEE Access. Vol. 11. Pp. 1694–1707. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233390
  23. Koty, A.C. (2018). China to Cut US$9.5 Billion in Taxes for Small and Micro Enterprises, High-tech Firms. China Briefing. Available at: https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-cut-us9–5-billion-taxes-small-micro-enterprises-high-tech-firms (accessed 12.10.2023).
  24. Lin, I-T. S. (2018). The Robotics Industry in China. China Briefing. Available at: https://www.china-briefing.com/news/chinas-robot-industry (accessed 12.10.2023).
  25. Lopez-Acevedo, G., Tan, H. (eds.) (2010). Impact Evaluation of SME Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. The World Bank.
  26. Maksimchuk, O., Maznitsa, E., Chizho, L. (2021). The role of tax potential in stimulating the effectiveness of innovation in the digital economy. E3S Web of Conferences.
  27. Vol. 274. P. 10003. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202127410003
  28. Mari, A. (2019). UK government announces new funding for robot development. Computer Weekly. Available at: https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252472954/UK-government-announces-new-funding-for-robot-development (accessed 12.10.2023).
  29. OECD. (2006). Government R&D Funding and Company Behaviour: Measuring Behavioural Additionality. Paris, OECD Publishing. DOI: 10.1787/9789264025851-en.
  30. Shen, Y., Guo, D., Long, F., Mateos, L.A., Ding, H., Xiu, Z., Hellman, R.B., King, A., Chen, S., Zhang, C., Tan, H. (2020). Robots under COVID-19 pandemic: A comprehensive survey. Ieee Access. No. 9. Pp. 1590–1615. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.
  31. Simachev, Yu., Kuzyk, M. Feygina, V. (2015). Public Support for Innovation in Russian Firms: Looking for Improvements in Corporate Performance Quality. International Advances in Economic Research. Vol. 21. Pp. 13–31. DOI: 10.1007/s11294–014–9509–5
  32. Smith, G. (2015). Robot Revolution Initiative launched by Japan heralds a new machine age. Geek Reply. Available at: https://geekreply.com/technology/2015/05/18/robot-revolution-initiative-launched-by-japan-heralds-a-new-machine-age#:~: text=The%20Robot%20Revolution%20Initiative%20is, fields%20from%20the%20private%20sector (accessed 12.10.2023).
  33. State Council. (2015). Made in China 2025. Available at: http://www.cittadellascienza.it/cina/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/IoT-ONE-Made-in-China-2025.pdf (accessed 12.10.2023).
  34. Szczygielski, K., Grabowski, W., Pamukcu, M. T., Tandogan, V. S. (2017). Does government support for private innovation matter? Firm-level evidence from two catching-up countries. Research Policy. Vol. 46. No. 1. Pp. 219–237. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2016.10.009