Abstract
The interview with G. I. Khanin, the statistician and expert in the field of economic history, centers on the most debated and controversial periods of the development of the domestic economy, namely the New Economic Policy (NEP), proclaimed a hundred years ago. Such discussions among economists focus on the depth and consistency of the reforms carried out in 1920–1929, as well as their effectiveness. Some economists attribute rapid economic growth during this period to the low base effect (recovery growth) and some economists justify the inevitability of abandoning the NEP. Others argue that the continuation of this policy would be fruitful for the domestic economy, and the industrialization of the country could be carried out with fewer victims and more organically. Moreover, the subsequent economic reforms in the USSR and other socialist countries were based to some extent on the NEP experiences.
