Том 56 № 2 (2026)
ОТРАСЛИ И РЫНКИ

Совместное использование легковых автомобилей: актуальные дискуссии

С.Р. Милякин
Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН

Опубликован 06.04.2026

Ключевые слова

  • автомобили; совместное использование; каршеринг; автомобилизация; личный автотранспорт

Как цитировать

1.
Милякин С. Совместное использование легковых автомобилей: актуальные дискуссии. ECO [Интернет]. 6 апрель 2026 г. [цитируется по 6 апрель 2026 г.];56(2):156-72. доступно на: https://ecotrends.ru/index.php/eco/article/view/4957

Аннотация

В статье анализируются исследования, освещающие различные аспекты каршеринга. Автор пытается ответить на вопросы, в какой мере совместное использование имеет перспективы массового распространения или же занятия определенной ниши, способствует снижению использования личных автомобилей? Делается вывод, что совместное использование ограничено нишей 30% в суммарном пробеге легкового автотранспорта, убедительные свидетельства, что совместное использование стимулирует отказ от личных автомобилей, отсутствуют.

Библиографические ссылки

  1. Adams, P., Farrell, M., Dalgarno, B., Oczkowski, E. (2017). Household adoption of technology: The case of high-speed broadband adoption in Australia. Technology in Society. Vol. 49. Pp. 37–47.
  2. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. Vol. 50. No. 2. Pp. 179–211.
  3. Ampudia-Renuncio, M., Guirao, B., Molina-Sánchez, R., de Alvarez, C.E. (2020). Understanding the spatial distribution of free-floating carsharing in cities: analysis of the new Madrid experience through a web-based platform. Cities. Vol. 98, No. 102593. Pp. 1–16.
  4. Axhausen, K.W., Becker, F. (2017). Literature review on surveys investigating the acceptance of automated vehicles. Transportation. Vol. 44. No. 6. Pp. 1293–1306.
  5. Backer-Grøndahl, A., Fyhri, A., Ulleberg, P., Amundsen, A.H., Accidents and unpleasant incidents: worry in transport and prediction of travel behavior. (2009). Risk Analysis: An International Journal. Vol. 29. No. 9. Pp.1217–1226.
  6. Becker, H., Ciari, F., Axhausen, K.W. (2017). Comparing car-sharing schemes in Switzerland: User groups and usage patterns. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 97. Pp. 17–29.
  7. Boldrini, C., Bruno, R., Laarabi, M. H. (2019). Weak signals in the mobility landscape: car sharing in ten European cities. EPJ Data Science. Vol. 8. No. 1. Pp. 1–24.
  8. Brown, A.E. (2017). Car-less or car-free? Socioeconomic and mobility differences among zero-car households. Transport Policy. Vol. 60. Pp. 152–159.
  9. Burghard, U., Scherrer, A. (2022). Sharing vehicles or sharing rides-Psychological factors influencing the acceptance of carsharing and ridepooling in Germany. Energy Policy. Vol. 164. No. 112874. Pp. 1–14.
  10. Carrone, A.P., Hoening, V.M., Jensen, A.F., Mabit, S.E. Rich, J. (2020). Understanding car sharing preferences and mode substitution patterns: a stated preference experiment. Transport Policy. Vol. 98. Pp. 139–147.
  11. Cervero, R., Tsai, Y. (2003). San Francisco City carshare: Second-year travel demand and car ownership impacts. In Transportation Research Board 2004 Annual Meeting, Washington, DC. Pp. 1–28.
  12. Costain, C., Ardron, C., Habib, K.N. (2012). Synopsis of users’ behaviour of a carsharing program: A case study in Toronto. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 46. No. 3. Pp. 421–434.
  13. Dijk, M., Wells, P., Kemp, R. (2016). Will the momentum of the electric car last? Testing an hypothesis on disruptive innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Vol. 105. Pp. 77–88.
  14. Gardner, B., Abraham, C. (2007). What drives car use? A grounded theory analysis of commuters’ reasons for driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior. Vol. 10. No. 3. Pp. 187–200.
  15. Goodwin, P. (2012). Peak travel, peak car and the future of mobility: Evidence, unresolved issues, policy implications, and a research agenda. Int. Transp. Forum Discuss. Pap. No. 2012/13.
  16. Greenblatt, J. B., Shaheen, S. (2015). Automated vehicles, on-demand mobility, and environmental impacts. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports. Vol. 2. Pp. 74–81. DOI:10.1007/s40518–015–0038–5
  17. Grush, B., Niles, J., Baum, E. (2016). Ontario must prepare for vehicle automation: Automated vehicles can influence urban form, congestion and infrastructure delivery. An Independent Study Commissioned by RCCAO. 76 p. Available at: http://rccao.com/research/files/RCCAO_Vehicle-Automation_OCT2016_WEB.pdf. (accessed: 20.10.2024).
  18. Gurumurthy, K. M., Kockelman, K. M. (2018). Analyzing the dynamic ride-sharing potential for shared autonomous vehicle fleets using cellphone data from Orlando, Florida. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. Vol. 71. Pp. 177–185. DOI:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2018.05.008
  19. Hidaka, K., Shiga, T. (2018). Forecasting travel demand for new mobility services employing autonomous vehicles. Transportation Research Procedia. Vol. 34. Pp. 139–146. DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2018.11.025
  20. Ikezoe, K., Kiriyama, E., Fujimura, S. (2020). Car-sharing intention analysis in Japan by comparing the utility of car ownership for car-owners and non-car owners. Transport Policy. Vol. 96. Pp. 1–14.
  21. Jochem, P., Frankenhauser, D., Ewald, L., Ensslen, A. Fromm, H. (2020). Does free-floating carsharing reduce private vehicle ownership? The case of SHARE NOW in European cities. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 141. Pp. 373–395.
  22. Kim, J., Rasouli, S., Timmermans, H. (2017). Satisfaction and uncertainty in car-sharing decisions: An integration of hybrid choice and random regret-based models. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 95. Pp. 13–33.
  23. Ko, J., Ki, H., Lee, S. (2019). Factors affecting carsharing program participants’ car ownership changes. Transportation Letters. Vol. 11. No. 4. Pp. 208–218.
  24. Kriswardhana, W., Esztergár-Kiss, D. (2023). A systematic literature review of Mobility as a Service: Examining the socio-technical factors in MaaS adoption and bundling packages. Travel Behaviour and Society. Vol. 31. Pp. 232–243.
  25. Kroesen, M., Milakis, D., Van Wee, B. (2023). Automated Vehicles: Changes in expert opinions over time. Transport Policy. Vol. 136. Pp. 1–10. DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2023.03.005
  26. Ksenofontov, M.Y., Milyakin, S.R. (2018). The automobilization process and its determining factors in the past, present, and future. Studies on Russian Economic Development. Vol. 29. Pp. 406–414.
  27. Le Vine, S., Polak, J. (2019). The impact of free-floating carsharing on car ownership: Early-stage findings from London. Transport Policy. Vol. 75. Pp. 119–127.
  28. Liljamo, T., Liimatainen, H., Pöllänen, M. (2018). Attitudes and concerns on automated vehicles. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior. Vol. 59. Pp. 24–44.
  29. Martin, E., Shaheen, S. (2016). Impacts of car2go on Vehicle Ownership, Modal Shift, Vehicle Miles Traveled, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. An Analysis of Five North American Cities. Pp.1–27. Available at: https://escholarship.org/content/qt3mc5m6pn/qt3mc5m6pn.pdf?t=skbo15 (accessed: 20.10.2024).
  30. Martin, E., Shaheen, S.A., Lidicker, J. (2010). Impact of carsharing on household vehicle holdings: Results from North American shared-use vehicle survey. Transportation Research Record. Vol. 2143. No. 1. Pp. 150–158.
  31. Mena-Oreja, J., Gozalvez, J., Sepulcre, M. (2018). Effect of the configuration of platooning maneuvers on the traffic flow under mixed traffic scenarios. In 2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC). Pp. 1–4. DOI:10.1109/VNC.2018.8628381
  32. Millard-Ball, A., Murray, G., ter Schure, J., Fox, C., Burkhardt, J. (2005). Car-Sharing. Where and how it succeeds. Transportation Research Board Washington, D.C. P. 246.
  33. Milyakin, S.R., Skubachevskaya, N.D. (2024). Prospects of Car Sharing in Moscow: Analysis and Forecast through Social Practice Theory. Studies on Russian Economic Development. Vol. 35. No. 4. Pp. 589–597. DOI: 10.1134/S1075700724700126
  34. Milyakin, S.R. (2023). Motorization: History, Factors and Patterns. Studies on Russian Economic Development. Vol. 34. No. 2. Pp. 254–262. DOI: 10.1134/S1075700723020090
  35. Muheim, P., Reinhardt, E. (1999). Carsharing: the key to combined mobility. World Transport Policy & Practice. Vol. 5. No. 3. Pp. 58–71.
  36. Münzel, K., Piscicelli, L., Boon, W., Frenken, K. (2019). Different business models–different users? Uncovering the motives and characteristics of business-to-consumer and peer-to-peer carsharing adopters in The Netherlands. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Vol. 73. Pp. 276–306.
  37. Nansubuga, B., Kowalkowski, C. (2021). Carsharing: A systematic literature review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management. Vol. 32. No. 6. Pp. 55–91.
  38. Narayanan, S., Antoniou, C. (2023). Shared mobility services towards Mobility as a Service (MaaS): What, who and when? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 168. No. 103581. Pp. 1–20.
  39. Narayanan, S., Chaniotakis, E., Antoniou, C. (2020). Shared autonomous vehicle services: A comprehensive review. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. Vol. 111. Pp. 255–293.
  40. Patel, H., Connolly, R. (2007). Factors influencing technology adoption: a review. Information Management in the Networked Economy: Issues & Solutions. Pp. 416–431.
  41. Paundra, J., Rook, L., van Dalen, J., Ketter, W. (2017). Preferences for car sharing services: effects of instrumental attributes and psychological ownership. Journal of Environmental Psychology. Vol. 53. Pp. 121–130.
  42. Rogers, E.M., Singhal, A., Quinlan, M.M. (2014). Diffusion of innovations. In An integrated approach to communication theory and research. Routledge. Pp. 432–448.
  43. Roy, S. (2016). The impacts of gender, personality and previous use on attitude towards the sharing economy and future use of the services. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration in the Craig School of Business California State University, Fresno (Doctoral dissertation). 52 p.
  44. Shaheen, S., Chan, N. (2015). Mobility and the sharing economy: Impacts synopsis. Pp. 1–20. Available at: https://tsrc.berkeley.edu/publications/mobility-and-sharing-economy-impacts-synopsis-–-spring-2015 (accessed: 20.10.2024).
  45. Spotswood, F., Chatterton, T., Tapp, A., Williams, D. (2015). Analysing cycling as a social practice: An empirical grounding for behaviour change. Transportation research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior. Vol. 29. Pp. 22–33.
  46. Sprei, F. (2018). Disrupting mobility. Energy Research & Social Science. Vol. 37. Pp. 238–242. DOI:10.1016/j.erss.2017.10.029
  47. Spurlock, C.A., Sears, J., Wong-Parodi, G., Walker, V., Jin, L., Taylor, M., Todd, A. (2019). Describing the users: Understanding adoption of and interest in shared, electrified, and automated transportation in the San Francisco Bay Area. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Vol. 71. Pp. 283–301.
  48. Steininger, K., Vogl, C., Zettl, R. (1996). Car-sharing organizations: The size of the market segment and revealed change in mobility behavior. Transport Policy. Vol. 3. No. 4. Pp. 177–185.
  49. Stocker, A., Shaheen, S. (2018). Shared automated vehicle (SAV) pilots and automated vehicle policy in the U.S.: Current and future developments. In G. Meyer, & S. Beiker (Eds.), Road Vehicle Automation 5 (pp. 131–147). Cham: Springer volume 143 of Lecture Notes in Mobility. DOI:10.1007/978–3–319–94896–6_12
  50. Tanner, J. C. (1977). Car Ownership Trends and Forecasts. TRRL Laboratory Report 799 (Department of the Environment, Transport and Road Research Laboratory). 117 p.
  51. Utriainen, R., Pöllänen, M. (2018). Review on mobility as a service in scientific publications. Research in Transportation Business & Management. Vol. 27. Pp. 15–23.
  52. Vega-Gonzalo, M., Gomez, J., Christidis, P., Vassallo, J. M. (2024). The role of shared mobility in reducing perceived private car dependency. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Vol. 126. No. 104023. Pp. 1–20.
  53. Walker, J., Johnson, C. (2016). Peak car ownership: The market opportunity of electric automated mobility services. Available at: https://rmi.org/insight/peak-car-ownership-report/ (accessed: 20.10.2024).
  54. Wang, K., Akar, G. (2019). Factors affecting the adoption of autonomous vehicles for commute trips: An analysis with the 2015 and 2017 Puget Sound travel surveys. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Vol. 2673. Pp. 13–25. DOI:10.1177/0361198118822293
  55. Wang, S., Jiang, Z., Noland, R. B., Mondschein, A. S. (2020). Attitudes towards privately-owned and shared autonomous vehicles. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior. Vol. 72. Pp. 297–306. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2020.05.014
  56. Wang, W., Gan, H., Wang, X., Lu, H., Huang, Y. (2022). Initiatives and challenges in using gamification in transportation: A systematic mapping. European Transport Research Review. Vol. 14. Pp. 1–19.
  57. Weiss, J., Hledik, R., Lueken, R., Lee, T., Gorman, W. (2017). The electrification accelerator: Understanding the implications of autonomous vehicles for electric utilities. The Electricity Journal. Vol. 30. Pp. 50–5. DOI:10.1016/j.tej.2017.11.009
  58. Wu, C., Le Vine, S., Sivakumar, A., Polak, J. (2019). Traveller preferences for free-floating carsharing vehicle allocation mechanisms. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. Vol. 102. Pp. 1–19.
  59. Zhou, F., Zheng, Z., Whitehead, J., Perrons, R. K., Washington, S., Page, L. (2020). Examining the impact of car-sharing on private vehicle ownership. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. Vol. 138. Pp. 322–341.